FRAUD PREVENTION AND DETECTION
20
CONCLUSION
This chapter has introduced the reader to what constitutes fraud—both
from a civil and a criminal perspective. This sets the stage for an exami-
nation of the dynamics and root causes of fraud. The term “fraud” used
in this chapter is a general term and includes many other specic acts
dealing with fraudulent behavior, such as false pretenses, stock market
manipulation, uttering a forged document, bid xing, and so on.