FRAUD PREVENTION AND DETECTION
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1. Prevention
2. Detection
3. Response
Prevention is based on controls designed to reduce the risk of fraud
against the corporation or criminal misconduct on behalf of the corpo-
ration (in particular, bribery and money laundering) from happening.
Detection encompasses all the measures taken to discover fraud or crimi-
nal misconduct. Fraud response refers to controls designed to take correc-
tive action and remedy damage caused by fraud or misconduct on behalf
of the corporation.
Sarbanes– Oxley, Section 404, as well as Canadian National Instrument,
52-109 9, require ofcers to inform external auditors and the board of
directors of any fraud that involves management or other employees who
have signicant ro ...