FRAUD PREVENTION AND DETECTION
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Product Substitution
This refers to goods or services supplied under an existing contract that
do not conform to the contract specications. Some contractors have been
accused of using poor- quality building material, such as cement. This
scheme often surfaces when bridges, highway overpasses, and tunnels fail.
Product Substitution—Case Example
In the city of Montreal, Canada, road construction contractors have
been accused of using inferior products in the construction of the
various highway overpasses that have been built over the years. A
number of overpasses have failed and cement and steel rods that
were used have caused the structures to fail and make them unsafe
for future use.
Progress Payment Fraud
The contractor ...