June 2020
Intermediate to advanced
364 pages
13h 56m
English
Content preview from Hands-On Mathematics for Deep Learning
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Spectral decomposition
To understand spectral analysis, we must first define the Laplacian on a compact manifold, M, which has countably many eigenfunctions:
This is for 
.
Due to the symmetry property, the eigenfunctions will be both real and orthonormal, which gives us the following:
Here, the eigenvalues are non-negative, that is, 
.
For two-dimensional ...
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