7.8 Liquefaction of Air
7.8.1 Linde's Process
Air is a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen and some percentage of carbon dioxide and moisture. Critical temperatures of oxygen and nitrogen are 154 K and l26 K, respectively. In order that they may be cooled by throttle expansion, the temperatures of oxygen and nitrogen must be below 462 K and 378 K, respectively. It can be cooled by throttle expansion at room temperatures under suitable pressure. As already stated, for a given liquefier the efficiency can be altered only by changing the input pressure and input temperature. Another factor which determines the efficiency is the work done in compression. The magnitude of this work is RT[loge p1 − loge p2] when the gas is compressed isothermally from pressure ...
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