Industrial Communication Systems

37-1

37.1 Introduction

e distribution of automation functions in instrumentation and control (I&C) architectures arose in

the

late

1970s

with

proprietary

network

solutions

designed

to

t

an

application’s

performance.

To

ensure

interoperability

between

dierent

products

from

dierent

vendors,

the

IEC

61158

standard

has

been

created.

However,

due

to

manufacturers’

pressure,

this

lead

only

to

a

collection

of

several

dierent

speci-

cations

cor

responding

to eac

h

ven

dor’s

com

mercial

oe

r.

Meanwhile, Ethernet (IEEE 802.3 [12]) became the standard solution in desktop communication

systems

that

implements

the

rst

two

layers

of

the

OSI

Model

(see

Chapter ...