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机器学习实战:基于Scikit-Learn、Keras 和TensorFlow (原书第2 版)
book

机器学习实战:基于Scikit-Learn、Keras 和TensorFlow (原书第2 版)

by Aurélien Géron
October 2020
Intermediate to advanced
693 pages
16h 26m
Chinese
China Machine Press
Content preview from 机器学习实战:基于Scikit-Learn、Keras 和TensorFlow (原书第2 版)
使用卷积神经网络的深度计算机视觉
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427
曲线下的面积(AUC)。但是请注意,精度 / 召回曲线可能包含几个部分,某个部分
当召回率增加时,精度实际上会提高,尤其是在较低的召回值时(你可以在图 3-5
的左上方看到它)。这是采用 mAP 指标的动机之一。
假设分类器在 10%的召回率下具有 90%的精度,但在 20%的召回率下具有 96%的
精度。这里实际上没有折衷:使用分类器以 20%的召回率(而不是 10%)更合理,
因为你将获得更高的召回率和更高的精度。因此,我们不应该着眼于 10%的召回
率,而是应该着眼于分类器可以提供至少 10%的召回率的最大精度。这是 96%,而
不是 90%。因此要获得关于模型性能的合理概念的一种方法是计算召回率在至少为
0%时可以获得的最大精度(然后是 10%、20%,以此类推,直至 100%),然后计
算这些最大精度的平均值。这称为平均精度(AP)指标。当有两个以上类别时,我
们可以为每个类别计算 AP,然后计算平均 AP(mAP)。
在物体检测系统中,存在另外一层的复杂度:如果系统检测到正确的类别但在错误
的位置(即边界框完全没有物体)怎么办?当然,我们不应将此视为正的预测。一
种方法是定义 IOU 阈值:例如,我们可以认为只有在 IOU 大于 0.5 且预测类别正确
时,该预测才是正确的。通常将相应的 mAP 标记为 mAP@0.5(或 mAP@50%,或
有时为 AP
50
)。在某些比赛中(例如 PASCAL VOC 挑战赛)就是这样做的。在其他
情况(例如 COCO ...
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Publisher Resources

ISBN: 9787111665977