January 2014
Intermediate to advanced
144 pages
4h 2m
English
Content preview from Mathematical Formulas for Industrial and Mechanical Engineering
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10. Skew-symmetric matrix: A square matrix ½a
ij
such that a
ij
52a
ji
’ ij.
Example:
023
2201
23 210
2
4
3
5
. Note that the elements in the leading diagonal of a skew-
symmetric matrix are always zero.
3.3 Basic Operations on Matrices
We can obtain new matrices from the given ones by using the following
operations:
1. Addition and subtraction:IfA 5 ða
ij
Þ and B 5 ðb
ij
Þ are m 3 n matrices, then their sum
A 1 B is defined as the new matrix: ða
ij
1 b
ij
Þ, where 1 # i # m and 1 # j # n. The order
of this sum is again m 3 n. Similarly, A 2 B is defined. Note that the sum or difference of
two matrices is defined only when the matrices have the same size.
Example:
If A
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