
G
Method of substitution:
ð
f ðxÞdx 5 f ðuðtÞÞu
0
ðtÞdt; if x 5 uðtÞ
G
Integration by parts:
ð
udv 5 uv 2
ð
vdu, where u(x), v(x) are differentiable functions.
5.8 Integrals of Rational Function
G
ð
adx 5 ax 1 C
G
ð
xdx 5
x
2
2
1 C
G
ð
x
2
dx 5
x
3
3
1 C
G
ð
x
p
dx 5
x
p11
p 1 1
1 C; p 6¼ 21
G
ð
ðax1bÞ
n
dx 5
ðax1bÞ
n11
aðn 1 1Þ
1 C; n 6¼ 21
G
ð
dx
x
5 lnjxj1 C
G
ð
dx
ax 1 b
5
1
a
lnjax 1 bj1 C
G
ð
ax 1 b
cx 1 d
dx 5
a
c
x 1
bc 2 ad
c
2
lnjcx 1 dj1 C
G
ð
dx
ðx 1 aÞðx 1 bÞ
5
1
a 2 b
ln
x 1 b
x 1 a
1 C; a 6¼ b
G
ð
xdx
a 1 bx
5
1
b
2
ða 1 bx 2 a lnja 1 bxjÞ1 C
G
ð
x
2
dx
a 1 bx
5
1
b
3
1
2
ða1bxÞ
2
2 2aða 1 bxÞ1 a
2
lnja 1 bxj
1 C
G
ð
dx
xða 1 bxÞ
5
1
a
ln
a 1 bx
x
1 C
G
ð
dx
x
2
ða 1 bxÞ
52
1
ax
1
b
a
2
1n
a 1 bx
x
1 C
74 Mathematical Formulas for Industrial ...