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C++语言导学(原书第2版)
book

C++语言导学(原书第2版)

by 本贾尼 斯特劳斯特鲁普
August 2021
Intermediate to advanced
450 pages
5h 35m
Chinese
Pearson
Content preview from C++语言导学(原书第2版)

1.8 检验

C++提供了一套用于表达选择和循环结构的常规语句,如if语句、switch语句、while循环和for循环。例如,下面是一个简单的函数,它首先向用户提问,然后根据用户的响应返回一个布尔值:

与<<输出运算符(“放入”)相匹配,>>运算符(“从…获取”)被用于输入;cin是标准输入流(参见第10章)。>>的右侧运算对象是输入操作的目标,其类型决定了>>接受什么输入。输出字符串末尾的\n字符表示换行(参见1.2.1节)。

注意,变量answer的定义出现在需要该变量的地方(而非提前)。而声明则可以出现在任意位置。

可以进一步完善代码,使其能够处理用户回答n(表示“no”)的情况:

switch语句检验一个值是否存在于一组常量中。这些常量被称为case标签,彼此之间不能重复,如果待检验的值不等于任何case标签,则执行default分支。如果程序也没有提供default,则什么也不做。

在使用switch语句的时候,如果想退出某个case分支,不必从当前函数返回。通常,我们只是希望继续执行switch语句后面的语句,为此只需使用一条break语句。举个例子,考虑下面的这个非常聪明但还比较原始的简单命令行方式电子游戏的分析器: ...

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Publisher Resources

ISBN: 9787111633280