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C++语言导学(原书第2版)
book

C++语言导学(原书第2版)

by 本贾尼 斯特劳斯特鲁普
August 2021
Intermediate to advanced
450 pages
5h 35m
Chinese
Pearson
Content preview from C++语言导学(原书第2版)

1.4 类型、变量和算术运算

每个名字、每个表达式都有自己的类型,类型决定了能对名字和表达式执行的操作。例如,下面的声明

指定inch的类型为int,也就是说,inch是一个整型变量。

·一个声明(declaration)是一条语句,为程序引入一个实体,并为该实体指明类型:

·一个类型(type)定义了一组可能的值以及一组(对象上的)操作。

·一个对象(object)是存放某种类型值的内存空间。

·一个值(value)是一组二进制位,具体的含义由其类型决定。

·一个变量(variable)是一个命名的对象。

C++就像一个小型动物园,提供了各种基本类型,但我不是一个动物学家,因此在这里不会列出全部的C++基本类型。你可以在网络上的参考资料中找到它们,如[Stroustrup,2003]或[Cppreference]。一些例子如下:

每种基本类型都直接对应硬件设施,具有固定的大小,这决定了其中所能存储的值的范围:

一个char变量的实际大小为给定机器上存放一个字符所需的空间(通常是一个8位的字节),其他类型的大小都是char大小的整数倍。类型的大小是依赖于实现的(即,在不同机器上可能不同),可使用sizeof运算符获得这个值。例如,sizeof(char)等于1,sizeof(int)通常是4。 ...

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Publisher Resources

ISBN: 9787111633280