August 2021
Intermediate to advanced
450 pages
5h 35m
Chinese
Content preview from C++语言导学（原书第2版）
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12.2 使用迭代器
对于一个容器，可获得一些指向有用元素的迭代器：begin（）和end（）就是最好的例子。此外，很多算法也都返回迭代器。例如，标准库算法find在一个序列中查找一个值，返回指向找到元素的迭代器：
类似于很多标准库搜索算法，find返回end（）来指示“未找到”。Has_c（）还有一个更短的等价版本：
一个更有意思的练习是在字符串中查找一个字符出现的所有位置。我们可以返回一个string迭代器的vector，其中保存出现位置的集合。返回一个vector是很高效的，因为vector提供了移动语义（参见5.2.1节）。假定希望修改找到的位置，就应传递一个非const字符串：
这段代码用一个常规的循环遍历字符串，每个循环步使用++运算符将迭代器p向前移动一个元素，并使用解引用运算符*查看元素值。我们可以这样来测试find_all（）：
find_all（）调用可以图示如下。
迭代器和标准库算法在所有标准库容器上的工作方式都是相同的（前提是它们适用于这种容器）。因此，我们可以泛化find_all（）： ...
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