Working at Corning in the early 1970s, Peter C. Schultz (born 1942), left, Donald B. Keck (born 1941), center, and Robert D. Maurer (born 1924), right, developed ultra-low-loss silica-glass optical fibers that permitted light to propagate over exceptionally long distances, thereby paving the way for worldwide optical fiber communications. Billions of kilometers of optical fiber span the globe.
Fiber optics is an enabling technology for telecommunications, data transmission, and information science. The availability of ultra-low-loss optical fibers is, in large part, responsible for the commercial viability of optical fiber communications.
An optical fiber is a cylindrical dielectric waveguide fabricated from a low-loss material such as silica glass. It has a central core in which the light is guided, embedded in an outer cladding of slightly lower refractive index (Fig. 10.0-1). Light rays in the core incident on the core–cladding boundary at angles greater than the critical angle undergo total internal reflection ...
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