Townes, Basov, and Prokhorov developed the principle of Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation (LASER). They received the Nobel Prize for this work in 1964.
A coherent optical amplifier is a device that increases the amplitude of an optical field while maintaining its phase. If the optical field at the input to such an amplifier is monochromatic, the output will also be monochromatic with the same frequency. The output amplitude is increased relative to the input while the phase remains unchanged or is shifted by a fixed amount. In contrast, an incoherent optical amplifier increases ...
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