book

HTML and XHTML Step by Step

Name: HTML and XHTML Step by Step
Author: Faithe Wempen
ISBN: 9780735622630

by Faithe Wempen

February 2006

Beginner

416 pages

11h 35m

English

Microsoft Press

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HTML and XHTML Step by Step
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A Note Regarding Supplemental Files
Getting Help
Getting Help with The Book and Its CD
Giving Feedback About the Book and Its CD
Using the Book’s CD
What’s on the CD?
Minimum System Requirements
Installing the Practice Files
Using the Practice Files
Uninstalling the Practice Files

Conventions and Features
About the Author
Quick Reference
Chapter 1 HTML and XHTML BasicsTo open a Web page in NotepadTo preview a Web page in Microsoft Internet ExplorerTo save changes to a file in Notepad
Chapter 2 Setting Up the Document Structure
To specify a document type of transitional HTML 4.01To specify a document type of transitional XHTML 1.0To create the HTML sectionTo create the Head section (within the HTML section)To create the Body section (within the HTML section)To create a body paragraphTo create a line breakTo create a page title (within the Head section)To create metatag keywords (within the Head section)To redirect the page to another URLTo set up a Web location for publishing a Web siteTo save from Notepad directly to a Web location
Chapter 3 Formatting Text by Using Tags
To create headings (any of six levels)To apply bold to textTo apply italics to textTo apply superscript to textTo apply subscript to textTo apply monospace font to textTo use preformatted textTo create a block quotationTo change text viewing size in Internet ExplorerTo change the default font for Web text in Internet Explorer
Chapter 4 Using Lists and Backgrounds
To create an ordered (numbered) listTo create an item within an ordered or unordered listTo create an unordered (bulleted) listTo create a definition listTo insert common special charactersTo insert a horizontal lineTo apply a page background colorTo apply a foreground (text) color for the entire documentTo use a background image file
Chapter 5 Creating Hyperlinks and Anchors
To create a hyperlinkTo open the hyperlink in a new windowTo add a hyperlink to an e-mail addressTo create an anchor pointTo reference an anchor point in a hyperlink
Chapter 6 Introduction to Style Sheets
To apply a style to an individual tag (for example, <h1>)To create an internal style sheet for the documentTo create a style rule for a nested tagTo create a formatting classTo apply a formatting class to a tagTo create a formatting IDTo apply a formatting ID to a tagTo create style rules for hyperlink formattingTo create an external style sheet
Chapter 7 Formatting Text by Using Style Sheets
To assign a fontTo assign a font sizeTo assign a font colorTo apply bold to text by using a styleTo apply italics to text by using a styleTo apply strikethrough to textTo apply underlining to textTo remove inherited text decorationTo create an inline spanTo adjust spacing between lettersTo adjust spacing between words
Chapter 8 Formatting Paragraphs by Using Style Sheets
To apply a first-line indentTo apply padding (space inside an element)To apply a margin (space outside an element)To apply a paragraph borderTo specify border attributes for all sides at onceTo format individual sides of a paragraph borderTo align a paragraph horizontallyTo specify vertical spacing within a paragraph (leading)
Chapter 9 Displaying Graphics
To insert an imageTo wrap text around an image and force the image to the left or right side of the screenTo delay text vertically until it is clear of an earlier graphicTo specify an image sizeTo use a graphic as a hyperlinkTo include alternative text for an image
Chapter 10 Creating Navigational Aids
To create a text-based navigation barTo create a graphical navigation barTo create an image map (rectangular)To create an image map (circular)To create an image map (polygonal)To redirect a page to another URL
Chapter 11 Creating Tables
To create a tableTo specify the width of a tableTo specify the height of a tableTo specify the width of a column within a tableTo merge cells
Chapter 12 Formatting Tables
To apply a border to a tableTo assign a color to a table borderTo apply the width, color, and style of a border by using a single commandTo apply a border to only certain outer edges of a tableTo apply a border to specific inner edges of a tableTo apply background color to a table, row, or cellTo apply foreground (text) color to a table, row, or cellTo apply a background image to a table, row, or cellTo set cell padding for the entire tableTo set cell padding for an individual cellTo set cell spacing for the entire tableTo set horizontal alignment for a cellTo set vertical alignment for a cellTo create a column group
Chapter 13 Creating Division-Based Layouts
To create a divisionTo float a division to the left or rightTo position a division absolutely with respect to the parent elementTo position a division offset from its natural positionTo position a division at a fixed location
Chapter 14 Creating User Forms
To create a user input formTo send form results to an e-mail addressTo send form results to a CGI scriptTo create a text box field in a formTo create a multiline text areaTo create a Submit buttonTo create a Reset buttonTo create a check boxTo create a set of option buttonsTo create a menu
Chapter 15 Using Frames for Layout
Specify the document type for a framesetCreate a framesetSpecify the widths of the frameset columnsSpecify the heights of the frameset rowsProvide a no-frames alternative in the frameset documentSet the default target frame for all hyperlinks on a pageSet the target to frame a hyperlinkSet an inline frame
Chapter 16 Incorporating Audio and Video
To optimize the microphone recording level in Microsoft WindowsTo record narration by using Sound RecorderTo create a hyperlink to an audio or video clipTo embed an audio or video clipTo embed a background sound (no controls)
Chapter 17 HTML and Microsoft Word
To save a Word document as a Web pageTo start a new Web page in WordTo apply a style in WordTo make more styles available in WordTo insert a picture in WordTo insert an e-mail hyperlink in WordTo insert a Web hyperlink in WordTo insert a horizontal line in WordTo apply a formatting theme in WordTo create a table in Word
Chapter 18 HTML and Microsoft FrontPage
To view the site’s navigational structureTo change the view of a pageTo create a FrontPage Web site from a templateRename a page in the navigation structureTo remove a hyperlinkTo start an empty Web site in FrontPageTo create a new Web page within a siteTo apply a formatting theme in FrontPageTo create a navigation bar based on the site structure
I. Getting Started with HTML
1. HTML and XHTML Basics
Understanding HTML and XHTMLHow HTML WorksHow XHTML Fits InHow Cascading Style Sheets Work
Selecting a Tool for Creating Web Pages
Opening a Web Page in Notepad
Previewing a Web Page in Internet Explorer
Making, Saving, and Viewing Changes
Key Points
2. Setting Up the Document Structure
Specifying the Document Type
Creating the HTML, Head, and Body Sections
Creating Paragraphs and Line Breaks
Specifying a Page Title and Keywords
Publishing a File to a Server
Key Points
3. Formatting Text by Using Tags
Creating Headings
Applying Bold and Italic Formatting
Applying Superscript and Subscript Formatting
Using Monospace and Preformatted Text
Formatting a Block Quotation
Configuring Internet Explorer View Settings
Key Points
4. Using Lists and Backgrounds
Creating Bulleted and Numbered ListsNesting ListsChanging the Bullet or Number CharacterSpecifying the Start of a Numbered List
Creating Definition Lists
Inserting Special Characters
Inserting Horizontal Lines
Choosing Background and Foreground Colors
Specifying ColorsApplying a Background ColorApplying a Foreground Color
Specifying a Background Image File
Key Points
5. Creating Hyperlinks and Anchors
Hyperlinking to a Web PageUsing Partial Paths and FilenamesUsing Relative and Absolute PathsSetting a Target Window
Hyperlinking to an E-Mail Address
Creating and Hyperlinking to Anchors
Hyperlinking to Other Content
Key Points
II. Style Sheets and Graphics
6. Introduction to Style Sheets
Understanding Styles
Constructing Style Rules
Creating Styles for Nested Tags
Creating Classes and IDs for Applying Styles
Applying Styles to Hyperlinks
Creating and Linking to External Style Sheets
Key Points
7. Formatting Text by Using Style Sheets
Specifying a Font Family
Specifying a Font Size and Color
Applying Bold and Italics
Applying Strikethrough and Underlining
Creating Inline Spans
Adjusting Spacing Between Letters
Key Points
8. Formatting Paragraphs by Using Style Sheets
Indenting Paragraphs
Applying a Border to a Paragraph
Specifying a Border StyleSetting Border PaddingSpecifying Border Width and ColorFormatting Border Sides IndividuallySetting All Border Attributes at Once
Specifying the Horizontal Alignment of a Paragraph
Specifying Vertical Space Within a Paragraph
Key Points
9. Displaying Graphics
Selecting a Graphics Format
Preparing Graphics for Web Use
Inserting Graphics
Arranging Elements on the Page
Controlling Image Size and Padding
Hyperlinking from Graphics
Utilizing Thumbnail Graphics
Including Alternate Text for Graphics
Key Points
III. Page Layout and Navigation
10. Creating Navigational Aids
Planning Your Site’s Organization
Creating a Text-Based Navigation Bar
Creating a Graphical Navigation Bar
Creating an Image Map
Redirecting to Another URL
Key Points
11. Creating Tables
Creating a Simple Table
Specifying the Size of a Table
Specifying the Width of a Column
Merging Table Cells
Using Tables for Page Layout
Key Points
12. Formatting Tables
Applying Table BordersApplying Borders by Using ArgumentsApplying Borders by Using Cascading Style Sheets
Applying Background and Foreground Fills
Changing Cell Padding, Spacing, and Alignment
Setting Cell PaddingSetting Cell SpacingSetting Horizontal and Vertical Alignment
Applying Column-Based Formatting
Key Points
13. Creating Division-Based Layouts
Creating Divisions
Positioning Divisions
Floating a Division to the Right or LeftPositioning a Division on the Page
Formatting Divisions
Key Points
14. Creating User Forms
Creating a Basic Form
Creating Check Boxes and Option Buttons
Creating Menus
Understanding CGI and Other Advanced Tools
Key Points
15. Using Frames for Layout
Understanding Frames and Framesets
Creating Framesets
Creating More Complex Layouts
Setting a Hyperlink Target Frame
Formatting Frames and Framesets
Creating Inline Frames
Key Points
16. Incorporating Audio and Video
Planning for Audio and Video UsageWays of Making Clips AvailableCommon Clip Formats and PlayersControlling File Size and QualityFinding Sound and Video Clips
Recording an Audio Clip
Linking to an Audio Clip
Embedding an Audio Clip
Using <embed>Using <object>Using a Background Sound
Linking To or Embedding a Video Clip
Key Points
IV. Other Ways to Create HTML Code
17. HTML and Microsoft Word
Understanding Word HTML Formats
Creating a Web Page by Using Word
Formatting a Web Page in Word
Creating a Table-Based Layout in Word
Key Points
18. HTML and Microsoft FrontPage
Understanding FrontPage Hosting Requirements
Creating a Web Site by Using a Template
Creating a Web Site from Scratch
Formatting a Site by Applying a Theme
Creating a Shared Navigation Bar
Key Points
Glossary
Index
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Content preview from HTML and XHTML Step by Step

Applying Superscript and Subscript Formatting

Superscript formatting makes text smaller and raises it off the baseline. It is commonly used for exponents in math equations (for example, X²+1) and footnote numbers and symbols (like this^**). You can also use superscript for ordinal numbers such as 1^st, 2^nd, and 3^rd to make your page look more polished.

Subscript makes text smaller and moves it below the baseline. The most common use for subscript is in chemical formulas (for example, H₂SO₄).

Note

How much the text is shifted up or down, and how much the font size is decreased, depends on the browser.

In this exercise, you will apply superscript formatting to create a footnote and an ordinal.

USE the index.htm file from the previous exercise or in the ...

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Beginning HTML, XHTML, CSS, and JavaScript®

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HTML and XHTML Step by Step

by Faithe Wempen

Applying Superscript and Subscript Formatting

Note

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