Learning Functional Programming in Go

Minggatu - Catalan number

The discovery of the Catalan number is generally credited to Eugene Catalan in 1844, even though it was actually originally discovered more than 100 years earlier by the Chinese mathematician Minggatu  (1730).

The nth Catalan number can be represented by the following equation:

The first few Catalan numbers for n = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 are 1, 1, 2, 5, 14, 42, 132.

The Catalan numbers are a sequence of numbers that appear in many counting and computer science solutions.

The easiest way for me to explain the concept is ...