Prior to SMDS’ development in the late 1980s and early 1990s, the only method net-
work administrators had for interconnecting their LANs within a metropolitan area was
via leased lines at either 56 kbps or T1 rates. Given the LAN data rates of the time (4
Mbps/16 Mbps for token ring and 10 Mbps for Ethernet/802.3), the leased line approach
was insufficient from three perspectives. First, the leased lines represented a bottleneck for
LAN-to-LAN transmissions. Data frames being transferred between two Ethernet/802.3
nodes residing on separate LANs interconnected by a 56 ...
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