48 ◾ Security for Multihop Wireless Networks
to complete the original PKMv2 sequence with the BS. is results in unauthor-
ized access to the network. As the number of hops increases in the distributed and
nontransparent environment, unreliability increases and, thus, more powerful and
complex attacks can be attempted [25]. In the case where the attack involves the
BS, it is a little bit tricky for the adversary to get successful as BS is a much more
intelligent device. However, in cases where RS is involved, as RS is not more com-
plex and intelligent than the BS, the chances of different attacks for RS is higher
than BS [4].
MMR WiMAX networks may need the following security function, which
have not been widely studied by others until now