Defenses against Packet-Dropping Attacks ◾ 387
the intermediate nodes will be incremented. If no acknowledgment is received, the
intermediate node’s level will be decremented. If the fidelity value of a given node
reaches zero value, it will be labeled as malicious. e main drawback of this solu-
tion is the processing delay introduced in the network.
e authors in [36] complete their previous works in [31] and [32] by suggest-
ing a modular solution that employs two-hop cryptographic acknowledgments for
unicast packets, while a passive feedback mechanism to monitor broadcast packets
is also employed. e gathered information is afterwards used as the basis for an
accusation-based collaborative mechanism to detect dropping attacks.
e main ide ...