Categorical Data Analysis Using The SAS® System, 2nd Edition

3.3. Measures of Association

Section 2.5 discusses the odds ratio as a measure of association for the 2 × 2 table. You can compute average odds ratios for sets of 2 × 2 tables. For the hth stratum,

so OR_h estimates ψ_h, the population odds ratio for the hth stratum. If the ψ_h are homogeneous, then you can compute the Mantel-Haenszel estimator for the common odds ratio ψ.

The standard error for this estimator is based on work by Robins, Breslow, and Greenland (1986) in which they provide an estimated variance for log . The 100%(1 – α) confidence ...