Categorical Data Analysis Using The SAS® System, 2nd Edition

5.2. Association

5.2.1. Tests for General Association

Table 5.1 contains data from a study concerning the distribution of party affiliation in a city suburb. The interest was whether there was an association between registered political party and neighborhood.

Table 5.1. Distribution of Parties in Neighborhoods

	Neighborhood
Party	Bayside	Highland	Longview	Sheffeld
Democrat	221	160	360	140
Independent	200	291	160	311
Republican	208	106	316	97

For these data, both row and column variables are nominally scaled; there is no inherent ordering of the response values for either neighborhood or political party. Thus, the alternative to the null hypothesis of no association is general association, defined as heterogeneous patterns of distribution of the response (column) ...