
568 Current Trends in Bayesian Methodology with Applications
The result presented in (b) in Lemma 27.2 .1 is useful whenever the main
interest is to compare the individual with the lowest risk with that of the
highest risk.
In order to exemplify the prop osal of [14], let us compare two individuals
in different clusters having the same characteristics (covariates). Suppose that
the observed value for the M OR
|12|
is 3.06. Thus, with probability of 50%,
the chance of the individual with the highest risk to ex perience the event of
interest is at least 3.06 times the chance of the individual with the lowest risk.
Since the difference in this case is due