
Multi-State Models for Disease Natural History 377
FIGURE 18.3
State mod el of [12]. State num-
bers indicate (1) baseline value of
creatinine clearance (CL); (2) de-
creased CL; (3) return to dialysis;
(4) d eath.
FIGURE 18.4
State model of [19] investigating cervical in-
traepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and human papillo-
mavirus (HPV) infection. State 3 represents CIN
diagnosis after a visit in which the patient was
not infected with HPV (state 1), while state 4
represents a CIN diagnosis after a visit in which
the patient was HPV infected (state 2).
that allows the conditional haza rd function to be nonmonotonic. However,
the assumption that sub ...