book

Running Mac OS X Tiger

by Jason Deraleau, James Duncan Davidson

December 2005

Intermediate to advanced

400 pages

11h 33m

English

O'Reilly Media, Inc.

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The Classic Mac OS
The Introduction of the iApps
Darwin and Open SourceDeveloper ToolsCommand-Line Access
Preparing to Install TigerBacking Up Your LifeWhere to back upWhat to back upTips for Upgrading
Partitioning Your Hard DriveStep-by-Step InstallationConfiguring the System
Software InstallersDrag-and-drop installMac OS X’s InstallerCustom installersInstalling Unix SoftwareDarwinPortsFinkCompiling Unix software
Mac OS X’s Software UpdateUpdating Other Software
The World’s Most Advanced Operating SystemDarwinCore FoundationApplication and Multimedia ServicesApplication EnvironmentsAqua
The Filesystem Through the FinderThe Filesystem Under the HoodMore hidden filesOpening hidden directories in the Finder
The Home FolderThe Command-Line View of a Home Folder
Terminal OverviewEssential Filesystem CommandsGetting around the filesystemViewing a directory’s contentsViewing a file’s contentsWorking with files and directoriesWildcardsTerminal User Interface
Environment VariablesConfiguration FilesAliasesHistoryRedirecting OutputLoops
Changing the Shell
Other Places to Find Help
nanovi and Emacs
The Hardware Boot ProcessTaking a Peek at Open FirmwareUpdating FirmwareAccessing Open FirmwareSetting the Boot DiskBlessed system diskChanging the Boot Disk at Boot TimeLocking Down Open Firmware
Launch ControlDaemons and agentsInside a launchd property list fileWorking with launchd servicesSystemStarterThe hostconfig fileAnatomy of a startup itemStarting and stopping startup itemsBooting into Safe Mode
User AuthenticationLogin ItemsCustomizing the Login Screen
SleepScheduling
What Is a User Anyway?Administrative Users
Managing Users with the Accounts PanelCreating a userDeleting a userParental Controls
The Root UserEnabling the root user
Open Directory in Action
Kinds of Directory InformationSources of Directory InformationSources of configuration informationSources of authentication informationSources of discovered services
Examining NetInfo Data with NetInfo ManagerManaging user informationManaging group informationCreating a nonhuman user
Configuring Open Directory SourcesUsing Mac OS X Server’s Open Directory ServerUsing other LDAP serversConfiguring Active Directory domain serversConfiguring NetInfo-based domain serversConfiguring NIS domain serversConfiguring Shared Domain AuthenticationConfiguring Shared Domain Contacts
Backing Up and Restoring a NetInfo DatabaseUsing dsclniclnidumpniload
Finding FilesFinding Files on the Command Linefindlocategrepmdfind
The Sticky BitSet UID and Set GIDChanging File Ownership and PermissionschownchmodAccess Control ListsAccess Control EntriesWorking with Access Control ListsOther Permission TypesBSD file flagsHFS+ Attributes
SpotlightType and Creator Codes
FilesystemsThe Mac OS Extended Filesystem (HFS+)JournalingFragmentationOther Supported Filesystems
Mounting a Network FilesystemSharing a Network FilesystemSharing to Internet usersSharing to web usersSharing to local network usersSharing to Mac clientsSharing to Windows clients
Examining a DiskVerifying and Repairing Disk PermissionsVerifying and Repairing Disks
Adding a Disk Drive
Types of Disk ImagesEncryption and disk imagesWorking with Disk Images on the Command LineCreating a New Disk ImageCreating a Disk Image from a FolderCreating a Disk Image from a DeviceConverting a Disk ImageBurning a Disk Image to CD or DVDRestoring a Disk Image to a DriveMoving the Contents of One Drive to Another
Print System Overview
Determining IP-Based Print Queue NamesVendor-Specific ConnectionsFaxing
Saving Print SettingsThe Simplified Print Panel
Working with PostScriptCommand-Line Printing to AppleTalk-Based Printers
Connecting to the Shared PrintersConnecting from a Windows machineConnecting from a Unix client
The Internet ProtocolNetwork Addressing and MasksExamining Network SettingsLooking at addresses on the local network
Manually Configuring IP Information
Looking up DNS InformationMulticast DNSPorts and Services
About This Mac
Creating a System Profile ReportSystem Profiler on the command line
ConsoleActivity MonitorInterpreting process informationSampling an applicationMonitoring Processes from the Command LineWorking with logfilesFinding open files
Killing ProcessesForce QuitUsing the Activity MonitorUsing the command line
Virtual Network ComputingEnabling the VNC serverConnecting to VNCThe Secure Shell
The Importance of Time
The System crontab FileThe User crontabEditing a user crontabAdditional configuration settingsSleep and cron
Creating WorkflowsRunning WorkflowsPDF Services
Scripting LanguagesEssential Programming ConceptsShell ScriptingA simple scriptTying in variablesConditionals in bashSend in the loopsInteracting with the userSample scriptsAppleScriptAnother simple scriptVariables: AppleScript styleAppleScript conditionalsLooping in AppleScriptUser interactionSample scriptsBridging the Gap
Property Lists
Host-Based PreferencesGlobal PreferencesNon-Defaults-Based Preferences
Property List EditorThe defaults Command-Line ToolReading preferencesWriting preferencesReading and writing host-specific preferencesReading and writing global preferencesUsing TextEdit
BooksUser and Administrator FocusDeveloper Focus
Apple-Run Mailing ListsOmni Group’s Mailing Lists
Apple SitesDeveloper SitesDiscussions and NewsRumor SitesSoftwareTips, Tricks, and Advice

Content preview from Running Mac OS X Tiger

Continued Development of the Classic Mac OS

After Apple bought NeXT, not all its development efforts were spent creating Rhapsody and eventually Mac OS X. While development proceeded with the new operating system, several releases of the classic Mac OS bridged the gap between System 7 and Mac OS X.

Rhapsody, Mac OS X, and Intel

Over the years, it had been rumored that there would be an official Mac OS X release for Intel x86 hardware. These rumors started from the day Apple purchased NeXT and were well founded, as NEXTSTEP had run on x86 hardware. They were further fueled by Apple’s early confusion about what it was going to do with the raft of technologies acquired from NeXT. And all the talk about boxes—Red, Yellow, and Blue—didn’t help matters.

While Apple maintains Darwin (the underlying Unix layer of Mac OS X) to run on x86 processors, there were continued rumors that Apple was secretly working on a version of Mac OS X to run on Intel-based hardware. This project, reportedly codenamed Marklar (after the aliens in the South Park cartoons), was supposedly being developed somewhere deep inside Apple’s Cupertino labs.

On June 6, 2005, these rumors became reality. On stage at Apple’s World Wide Developer Conference in San Francisco, Steve Jobs announced that Apple would be transitioning to the Intel platform. Joking about Mac OS X’s “secret double life,” Jobs revealed that all versions of Mac OS X since its inception had been built and tested on both PowerPC and Intel processors. He ...