
20 Fundamentals
we can apply the uncertainty relation, Eq. (1.57),
t
2
2
=
M
4
4
κ
c
≥
1
4
. (1.64)
We have introduced a factor of chirp κ
c
, equal to
κ
c
= 1 +
M
4
4t
2
2
0
d
2
φ
d
2
0
2
(1.65)
in case of a frequency chirp and constant spectrum, or
κ
c
= 1 +
M
4
4
2
2
0
d
2
ϕ
dt
2
0
2
(1.66)
in case of a temporal chirp and constant pulse envelope.
In summary, using the mean square deviation (MSQ) to define the pulse
duration and bandwidth:
• The duration–bandwidth product
t
2
2
is minimum 0.5 for a Gaussian
pulse shape, without phase modulation.
• For any pulse shape, one can define a shape factor M
2
equal to the minimum
duration–bandwidth product for that particular shape. ...