Electrochemical Biosensors

November 7, 2014 13:8 PSP Book - 9in x 6in 04-Serge-Cosnier-c04

Chapter 4

Amperometric Enzyme Electrodes

Serge Cosnier

a

and Gareth P. Keeley

b

a

UMR 5250, D

´

epartement de Chimie Mol

´

eculaire, Universit

´

e Joseph Fourier,

38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France

b

Department of Chemistry, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland

[e-mail]

4.1 Introduction

Rapid detection and monitoring, in clinical and food diagnostics

and in environmental and biodefense, have paved the way for the

development of alternative analytical devices based on the mole-

cular recognition properties of macromolecular biomolecules and

their electrochemical transduction. Such devices include enzyme

biosensors; DNA, aptamer, and protein sensors; immunosensors;

and biochips. The last