
246 Chapter 4 Processes and Operating Systems
value remains constant while the mode remains active. Any output of the mode
is also considered to be a mode port and must be initialized upon entering the
mode. The mode specifies its period π. Each task has its own invocation rate v,
which is equal to the number of times during the period the task is invoked. In
the figure, t
1
is invoked once per cycle while t
2
and t
3
are invoked twice. A port’s
value changes at the period rate, so a task may see the same value on a port dur-
ing several invocations in a period.
A mode switch is specified by several elements. The switch frequency is an
ω value that represents ...