March 2022
Intermediate to advanced
293 pages
5h 31m
Chinese
Content preview from 精通区块链
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加密货币的基础知识 ｜ 39
私钥
交易数据
签名
加密
图
2
-
8
：生成交易签名的加密过程
如图
2-9
所示，当所有的节点都在验证交易时，它们可以很容易使用
ECDSA
验证函数检验签名的有效性。
签名
公钥
交易数据
验证
是/否
图
2
-
9
：验证交易的签名
重要的是，检验授权交易的数字签名是否有效是不需要私钥的。因此，所有
节点依据公开信息就可以很容易地验证交易，但却无法伪造他人的签名，因
为签名必须要有私钥。
2.3.3
币基交易
每个区块中记录的第一笔交易被称为币基（
coinbase
）交易。它由两部分组成：
区块奖励
这是矿工从网络获得的奖励，因为矿工执行了发现区块的工作，并履行自
己的责任为比特币网络提供处理能力。奖励的形式是将新的比特币加入到
全球供应量中。
交易手续费
被添加到当前区块所有交易的手续费的总和。通常等待处理的交易数量远
多于区块的容量，因此产生了一个交易手续费的市场。想要矿工更快处理
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