March 2022
Intermediate to advanced
293 pages
5h 31m
Chinese
Content preview from 精通区块链
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136 ｜ 第 5 章
不过，去中心化的交易所也有一些弊端。其中值得注意的有：
非常慢
在一个中心化交易所，用户执行的交易将立即完成。在一个去中心化的交
易所，为了执行交易，用户必须等待他们的交易被纳入一个区块，这往往
需要至少
10
秒，甚至
1
分钟。等到用户的交易执行时，机会可能已经消失。
费用高
去中心化的交易所要求用户在每次要执行行动时都要生成一个新的交易，
包括添加订单和取消订单。交易所用户经常在短时间内进行多个订单和对
这些订单的更改。在一个中心化的交易所，这些订单变化是免费的，但在
一个去中心化交易所，你必须为每个行动向网络支付
gas
，这使得它的使
用成本更高。
对非技术用户不友好
由于用户每次完成一个动作都必须签署一个交易，非技术用户可能会感觉
使用一个去中心化的交易所太复杂，需要付出太多努力。
两者之间还有一个很大的区别是，不需要征得任何人的同意就可以将
ERC-20
代币添加到一个去中心化的交易所。
ERC-20
代币一经创建，便可以立即在去
中心化的交易所进行交易。根据你与谁交谈，这可以被认为是一个优点或一
个缺点。我们将在第
7
章中更多地讨论去中心化的交易所以及如何使用它们。
你可以在线查看所有的
ERC
标准，另外
OpenZeppelin
提供了一个很棒的符
合
ERC
标准的智能合约库。
5.5
小结
以太坊是目前为止最大的可用于代币化的区块链。在很短的时间内，任何开
发者都可以创建自己的基于区块链的资产。为了让程序员在以太坊内有一个
可以操作的框架，以太坊已经做了大量的工作，提供了不同的
ERC
标准可供
万物皆可代币化
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