Mastering Blockchain Programming with Solidity

Using pure functions to perform calculations

The view function only reads the contract state variables, but it doesn't make any modifications to them. On the other hand, the pure function doesn't read the state variables of the contract, also not make any modifications to the contract state variables.

These pure functions are also accessible off-chain; you can read and perform calculations using these functions off-chain. These off-chain calculations don't require gas to be paid. However, if a non-view or non-pure function call is made using a transaction, a pure function would also consume gas from the transaction to execute its instructions.

The following are the ways in which we can make state variables read calls. These are not allowed ...