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How Far We Get Involved

Fons Trompenaars and Charles Hampden-Turner

CLOSELY RELATED to whether we show emotions in dealing with other people is the degree to which we engage others in specific areas of life and single levels of personality or diffusely in multiple areas of our lives and at several levels of personality at the same time.

Specific Versus Diffuse Cultures

In specific-oriented cultures a manager segregates out the task relationship she or he has with a subordinate and insulates this from other dealings. Say a manager supervises the sale of integrated circuits. Were she to meet one of her sales reps in the bar, on the golf course, on vacation, or in the local DIY superstore, almost none of her authority would diffuse itself into ...

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