
80 Scalable Innovation
for the slicing machine. Then, the machine helped the toaster become an
essential household appliance. As part of the same sliced bread distribution
system they turned into a consumer success story around 1930.
Note that our rst, horizontal step of system analysis helped us uncover
the relationship between sliced bread production (the Source), packaged
bread (the Packaged Payload), and the toaster (the Tool). When we added an
innovation timeline to the relationship, it became clear that marketing bread-
slicing machines fteen years before the toaster-related “window of luck”
opened up would have been rather useless.
On t ...