
1 Creativity in Evolution: Individuals, Interactions, and Environments
104
require much more investigation, but existing work reported in the biological lit-
erature on multifunctional enzymes may be helpful (for example, Kacser and
Beeby 1984).
1.5
CONCLUSIONS
In this chapter I have discussed the concept of open-ended evolution and the in-
troduction of fundamental novelty during evolution (i.e., creative evolution).
Creativity is more subtle than open-ended evolution and involves, for example,
the ability of individuals to utilize new physical modalities and to develop new
functional relationships with