
Understanding voltage reference specifications
An Introduction to Voltage References
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tral reference point, along with various data points along each line (see Figure 12.8). It
is frequently used with very-high-precision voltage references.
Some helpful equations relating to voltage reference temperature coefficient are
shown here. Equation 12.1 allows one to determine the reference’s tempco in ppm/˚C:
Equation 12.2 allows one to determine the reference’s tempco in %/˚C:
Equation 12.3 allows one to determine the voltage drift (i.e., µV/˚C):
To show how these equations can be used, let’s look at some examples. In the first
example, we will assume we ...