Linux in a Nutshell, 6th Edition

Operators

The shell uses arithmetic operators from the C programming language; the following table lists the operators in decreasing order of precedence.

Operator	Description
++ --	Auto-increment and auto-decrement, both prefix and postfix.
+ - ! ˜	Unary plus and minus, logical negation and binary inversion (one’s complement).
**	Exponentiation.
* / %	Multiplication; division; modulus (remainder).
+ -	Addition; subtraction.
<< >>	Bitwise left shift; bitwise right shift.
< <= > >=	Less than; less than or equal to; greater than; greater than or equal to.
== !=	Equality; inequality (both evaluated left to right).
&	Bitwise AND.
^	Bitwise exclusive OR.
|	Bitwise OR.
&&	Logical AND (short-circuit).
||	Logical OR (short-circuit).
?:	Inline conditional evaluation.
= += -=	Assignment.
*= /= %=
< <= > >=
&= ^= |=
'	Sequential expression evaluation.