Linux in a Nutshell, 6th Edition

Operators

The following table lists the operators, in order of increasing precedence, that are available in awk.

Symbol	Meaning
= += -= *= /= %= ^= **=	Assignment.
?:	C conditional expression.
||	Logical OR (short-circuit).
&&	Logical AND (short-circuit).
in	Array membership.
~ !~	Match regular expression and negation.
< <= > >= != ==	Relational operators.
(blank)	Concatenation.
+ -	Addition, subtraction.
* / %	Multiplication, division, and modulus (remainder).
+ - !	Unary plus and minus, and logical negation.
^ **	Exponentiation.
++ --	Increment and decrement, either prefix or postfix.
$	Field reference.

Tip

While ** and **= are common extensions, they are not part of POSIX awk.