
Functional Test Generation 43
which must have the value p
1
from (2.5) in order for ψ
2
to return true because the predicate
ψ
2
was derived assuming that input in the first place. However, there is no guarantee that
the component A will produce output p
2
when given the input m
1
as the only guaranteed
assertion is that the output after m
1
fulfills φ
2
, while φ
2
and p
1
do not necessarily have any
relationship to each other as they come from two independent and separate models.
This discussion has so far focused on that compositionality breaks for tester models that
do not predict system outputs fully. The other problem mentioned previously was that tester
models do ...