book

Beginning C++ Game Programming

Name: Beginning C++ Game Programming
Author: John Horton
ISBN: 9781786466198

by John Horton

October 2016

Beginner

520 pages

10h 19m

English

Packt Publishing

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Beginning C++ Game Programming
Beginning C++ Game Programming
Credits
About the Author
About the Reviewer
www.PacktPub.com
eBooks, discount offers, and moreWhy subscribe?
Dedication
Preface
Timber!!!
Zombie Arena
Thomas was Late

What this book covers
What you need for this book
Who this book is for
Conventions
Reader feedback
Customer support
Downloading the example codeDownloading the color images of this bookErrataPiracyQuestions
1. C++, SFML, Visual Studio, and Starting the First Game
The gamesTimber!!!Zombie ArenaThomas was Late
Meet C++
Microsoft Visual Studio
SFML
Setting up the development environment
What about Mac and Linux?Installing Visual Studio Express 2015 on your desktopSetting up SFMLCreating a reusable project template
Planning Timber!!!
Creating a project from the template
Project assets
Outsourcing assetsMaking your own sound FXAdding assets to the projectExploring assets
Understanding screen and internal coordinates
Starting to code the game
Making code clearer with comments#including Windows essentialsThe main functionPresentation and syntaxReturning values from a functionRunning the game
Opening a window using SFML
#including SFML featuresOOP, classes, objectsUsing namespace sfSFML VideoMode and RenderWindowRunning the game
The main game loop
While loopsC-style code commentsInput, update, draw, repeatDetecting a key pressClearing and drawing the sceneRunning the game
Drawing the game background
Preparing the sprite using a textureDouble-buffering the background spriteRunning the game
Handling errors
Configuration errorsCompile errorsLink errorsBugs
FAQ
Summary
2. Variables, Operators, and Decisions – Animating Sprites
C++ variablesTypes of variableConstantsUser-defined typesDeclaring and initializing variablesDeclaring variablesInitializing variablesDeclaring and initializing in one stepDeclaring and initializing user-defined types
Manipulating variables
C++ arithmetic and assignment operatorsGetting things done with expressions
Adding clouds, a tree, and a buzzing bee
Preparing the treePreparing the beePreparing the cloudsDrawing the tree, the bee, and the clouds
Random numbers
Generating random numbers in C++
Making decisions with if and else
Logical operatorsC++ if and elseIf they come over the bridge, shoot them!Or do this insteadReader challenge
Timing
The frame-rate problemThe SFML frame-rate solution
Moving the clouds and the bee
Giving life to the beeBlowing the clouds
FAQ
Summary
3. C++ Strings, SFML Time, Player Input, and HUD
Pausing and restarting the game
C++ strings
Declaring stringsAssigning a value to stringsManipulating strings
SFML Text and Font
Adding a score and a message
Adding a time bar
FAQ
Summary
4. Loops, Arrays, Switch, Enumerations, and Functions – Implementing Game Mechanics
Loopswhile loopsBreaking out of a while loopfor loops
Arrays
Declaring an arrayInitializing the elements of an arrayQuickly initializing the elements of an arraySo what do these arrays really do for our games?
Making decisions with switch
Class enumerations
Getting started with functions
Function return typesFunction namesFunction parametersThe function bodyFunction prototypesOrganizing functionsFunction gotcha!Final word on functions - for nowAbsolute final word on functions - for now
Growing the branches
Preparing the branchesUpdating the branch sprites each frameDrawing the branchesMoving the branches
FAQ
Summary
5. Collisions, Sound, and End Conditions – Making the Game Playable
Preparing the player (and other sprites)
Drawing the player and other sprites
Handling the player's input
Handling setting up a new gameDetecting the player choppingDetecting a key being releasedAnimating the chopped logs and the ax
Handling death
Simple sound FX
How SFML sound works?When to play the soundsAdding the sound code
Improving the game and the code
FAQ
Summary
6. Object-Oriented Programming, Classes, and SFML Views
Planning and starting the Zombie Arena gameCreating a project from the templateThe project assetsExploring the assetsAdding the assets to the project
OOP
What is OOP?EncapsulationPolymorphismInheritanceWhy do it like this?What is a class?The class variable and function declarationsThe class function definitionsUsing an instance of a classConstructors and getter functionsJumping around in the code
Building the Player-the first class
Coding the Player class header fileCoding the Player class function definitions
Controlling the game camera with SFML View
Starting the Zombie Arena game engine
Managing the code files
Starting coding the main game loop
FAQ
Summary
7. C++ References, Sprite Sheets, and Vertex Arrays
C++ ReferencesReferences summary
SFML vertex arrays and sprite sheets
What is a sprite sheet?What is a vertex array?Building a background from tilesBuilding a vertex arrayUsing the vertex array to draw
Creating a randomly generated scrolling background
Using the background
FAQ
Summary
8. Pointers, the Standard Template Library, and Texture Management
PointersPointer syntaxDeclaring a pointerInitializing a pointerReinitializing pointersDereferencing a pointerPointers are versatile and powerfulDynamically allocated memoryPassing a pointer to a functionDeclaring and using a pointer to an objectPointers and arraysSummary of pointers
The Standard Template Library
What is a MapDeclaring a MapAdding data to a MapFinding data in a MapRemoving data from a MapChecking the size of a MapChecking for keys in a MapLooping/iterating through the key-value pairs of a MapThe auto keywordSTL summary
The TextureHolder Class
Coding the TextureHolder header fileCoding the TextureHolder function definitionsWhat exactly have we achieved with TextureHolder?
Building a horde of zombies
Coding the Zombie.h fileCoding the Zombie.cpp fileUsing the Zombie class to create a hordeBringing the horde to life (back to life)
Using the TextureHolder class for all textures
Change the way the background gets its texturesChange the way Player gets its texture
FAQ
Summary
9. Collision Detection, Pickups, and Bullets
Coding the Bullet classCoding the Bullet header fileCoding the Bullet source file
Making the bullets fly
Including the Bullet classControl variables and the bullet arrayReloading the gunShooting a bulletUpdating the bullets each frameDrawing the bullets each frame
Giving the player a crosshair
Coding a class for pickups
Coding the Pickup header fileCoding the Pickup class function definitions
Using the Pickup class
Detecting collisions
Has a zombie been shot?Has the player been touched by a zombie?Has the player touched a pickup?
FAQ
Summary
10. Layering Views and Implementing the HUD
Adding all the Text and HUD objects
Updating the HUD each frame
Drawing the HUD, and the home and level up screens
FAQ
Summary
11. Sound Effects, File I/O, and Finishing the Game
Saving and loading the high-score
Preparing sound effects
Leveling up
Restarting the game
Playing the rest of the sounds
Adding sound effects while the player is reloadingMake a shooting soundPlay a sound when the player is hitPlay a sound when getting a pickupMake a splat sound when a zombie is shot
FAQ
Summary
12. Abstraction and Code Management – Making Better Use of OOP
The Thomas Was Late gameFeatures of Thomas Was LateCreating a project from the templateThe project assetsGame level designsGLSL ShadersThe graphical assets close-upThe sound assets close-upAdding the assets to the project
Structuring the Thomas Was Late code
Building the game engine
Reusing the TextureHolder classCoding Engine.hCoding Engine.cppCoding the Engine class constructor definitionCoding the run function definitionCoding the input function definitionCoding the update function definitionCoding the draw function definitionThe Engine class so far
Coding the main function
FAQ
Summary
13. Advanced OOP – Inheritance and Polymorphism
InheritanceExtending a class
Polymorphism
Abstract classes - virtual and pure virtual functions
Building the PlayableCharacter class
Coding PlayableCharacter.hCoding PlayableCharacter.cpp
Building the Thomas and Bob classes
Coding Thomas.hCoding Thomas.cppCoding Bob.hCoding Bob.cpp
Updating the game engine to use Thomas and Bob
Updating Engine.h to add an instance of Bob and ThomasUpdating the input function to control Thomas and BobUpdating the update function to spawn and update the PlayableCharacter instancesSpawning Thomas and BobUpdating Thomas and Bob each frameDrawing Bob and Thomas
FAQ
Summary
14. Building Playable Levels and Collision Detection
Designing some levels
Building the LevelManager class
Coding LevelManager.hCoding the LevelManager.cpp file
Coding the loadLevel function
Updating the engine
Collision detection
Coding the detectCollisions functionMore collision detection
Summary
15. Sound Spatialization and HUD
What is Spatialization?Emitters, attenuation, and listeners
How SFML handles spatialization
Building the SoundManager class
Coding SoundManager.hCoding the SoundManager.cpp fileCoding the constructorCoding the playFire functionCoding the rest of the SoundManager functions
Adding SoundManager to the game engine
Populating the sound emitters
Coding the populateEmitters function
Playing sounds
The HUD class
Coding HUD.hCoding the HUD.cpp file
Using the HUD class
Summary
16. Extending SFML Classes, Particle Systems, and Shaders
The SFML Drawable classAn alternative to inheriting from DrawableWhy it is best to inherit from Drawable?
Building a particle system
Coding the Particle classCoding Particle.hCoding the Particle.cpp fileCoding the ParticleSystem classCoding ParticleSystem.hCoding the ParticleSystem.cpp fileUsing ParticleSystemAdding a ParticleSystem object to the Engine classInitializing ParticleSystemUpdating the particle system in each frameStarting the particle systemDrawing the particle system
OpenGL, shaders, and GLSL
The programmable pipeline and shadersCoding a fragment shaderCoding a vertex shaderAdding shaders to the Engine classLoading the shadersUpdating and drawing the shader in each frame
Summary
17. Before you go...
Thanks!

Content preview from Beginning C++ Game Programming

Managing the code files

One of the advantages of abstraction using classes and functions is that the length (number of lines) of our code files can be reduced. Even though we will be using more than a dozen code files for this project, the length of the code in ZombieArena.cpp will still get a little unwieldy towards the end. In the final project, we will look at even more ways to abstract and manage our code.

For now, use this tip to keep things manageable. Notice on the left hand side of the code editor in Visual Studio, there are a number of + and - signs, one of which is shown in this next image:

There will be one sign for each block (if,

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Beginning C++ Game Programming

by John Horton

Managing the code files

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