Biomaterials for Bone Regeneration

Stem cell technology for in vivo bone repair 441

repair. Periosteum-derived stem cells have been shown to produce BMPs

and Wnts, which largely determines the cells’ in vivo bone regenerative

capacity. It is thus of the utmost importance that future studies investigate

not only the effect of biomaterials on MSC attachment and differentiation,

but also the effect that biomaterials have on the production of trophic fac-

tors by MSCs.

14.7 References

Ahlmann E, Patzakis M, Roidis N, Shepherd L and Holtom P (2002) Comparison of

anterior and posterior iliac crest bone grafts in terms of harvest- site morbidity

and functional outcomes. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 84-A :716–720.

Becker AJ, McCulloch EA. and Till JE (1963) ‘Cytological demonstration ...