278 Electromagnetic Fields in Biology and Medicine
in transmembrane energy transport enzymes, allowing energy coupling and increased biological
chemical transport work.
Healthy humans normally have reduced pain perception and decreased pain-related brain sig-
nals (Prato et al., 2001). Biochemical changes in the blood of treated patients are found that
support the pain reduction benet. PEMFs cause a signicant improvement in normal standing
balance in adult humans (Thomas et al., 2001). PEMFs couple with muscular processing or upper-
body nervous tissue functions, which indicate CNS sensitivity that likely improves central pain
processing.
Various kinds of PEMFs have been found to reduce pain. For example, various MFs applied to
the head or to ...