Java How to Program, Early Objects, 11th Edition

... static void main(String[] args) { 
 6       int counter = 1; // declare and initialize control variable
 7
 8       while (counter <= 10) { // loop-continuation condition 
 9          System.out.printf("%d ", counter); 
10          ++counter; // increment control variable
11       } 
12
13       System.out.println(); 
14    } 
15 }

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Counter-controlled iteration with the while iteration statement.

In Fig. 5.1, the elements of counter-controlled iteration are defined in lines 6, 8 and 10. Line 6 declares the control variable (counter) as an int, reserves space for it in memory and sets its initial value to 1. Variable counter also could have been declared and initialized with the following local-variable declaration and assignment statements:

int counter; // declare counter counter = ...