Conventions Used in This Book
The following is a list of the typographical conventions used in this book:
- Italic
Used to indicate new terms, URLs, filenames, file extensions, and directories and to highlight comments in examples. For example, a path in the filesystem will appear as
/Developer/Applications.-
Constant width Used to show code examples, the contents of files, commands, or the output from commands.
-
Constant width bold Used in examples and tables to show commands or other text that should be typed literally.
-
Constant width italic Used in examples and tables to show text that should be replaced with user-supplied values.
- Color
The second color is used to indicate a cross-reference within the text.
- RETURN
A carriage return (RETURN) at the end of a line of code is used to denote an unnatural line break; that is, you should not enter these as two lines of code, but as one continuous line. Multiple lines are used in these cases due to page width constraints.
- Menu symbols
When looking at the menus for any application, you will see some symbols associated with keyboard shortcuts for a particular command. For example, to open an old chat in iChat, you would go to the File menu and select Open . . . (File → Open . . . ), or you could issue the keyboard shortcut,

-O. The

symbol corresponds ...
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