Skip to Content
深入理解運算原理|從簡單的機器到無所不能的程式
book

深入理解運算原理|從簡單的機器到無所不能的程式

by Tom Stuart
November 2017
Beginner to intermediate
344 pages
7h 2m
Chinese
GoTop Information, Inc.
Content preview from 深入理解運算原理|從簡單的機器到無所不能的程式
四處皆通用
|
263
這意謂著規則 110 可以執行循環標籤系統的模擬物,而這個模擬物又正在執行一般標籤
系統的模擬物,而要再次強調的是,這個一般標籤系統的模擬物,還正在執行通用圖靈
機的模擬物;雖然這不是實現通用運算有效率的作法,但依然讓人對這類簡單的細胞自
動機的技術,有著印象深刻結果。
沃夫瑞的 2, 3 圖靈機
為了完成我們簡單通用系統的旋風之旅,這裡有個比規則 110 更簡單的例子:
沃夫瑞
2, 3
圖靈機
Wolfram's 2,3 Turing machine
)。它的名稱來自它自己的兩種狀態和 3
字元(
a
b
、空白),也就是說它只有 6 條規則:
這種圖靈機很罕見的原因在於它沒有接受狀態,所以它永遠不會停止,但
這主要是技術細節。我們還是可以從不會停止的機器得到結果,作法是觀
察某些行為(例如磁帶上特定的字元模式的外觀),並將這些視為目前磁
帶包含有用輸出的指示。
沃夫瑞的 2, 3 圖靈機似乎沒有足夠的能力來支援通用運算,但在 2007 年,沃夫瑞研
究公司對外公佈,任何能證明沃夫瑞的 2, 3 圖靈機是通用的人,即可獲得 25,000
元的獎金,而在當年稍後,艾力斯 史密斯(Alex Smith)因為成功證明而要求
這筆獎金。和規則 110 相同的是,史密斯證明了這部機器可以模擬任何循環標籤系
統;他的證明非常詳細,而且也可以在沃夫瑞研究公司的網站完整看到(
http://www.
wolframscience.com/prizes/tm23/
)。
Become an O’Reilly member and get unlimited access to this title plus top books and audiobooks from O’Reilly and nearly 200 top publishers, thousands of courses curated by job role, 150+ live events each month,
and much more.

Read now

Unlock full access

More than 5,000 organizations count on O’Reilly

AirBnbBlueOriginElectronic ArtsHomeDepotNasdaqRakutenTata Consultancy Services

QuotationMarkO’Reilly covers everything we've got, with content to help us build a world-class technology community, upgrade the capabilities and competencies of our teams, and improve overall team performance as well as their engagement.
Julian F.
Head of Cybersecurity
QuotationMarkI wanted to learn C and C++, but it didn't click for me until I picked up an O'Reilly book. When I went on the O’Reilly platform, I was astonished to find all the books there, plus live events and sandboxes so you could play around with the technology.
Addison B.
Field Engineer
QuotationMarkI’ve been on the O’Reilly platform for more than eight years. I use a couple of learning platforms, but I'm on O'Reilly more than anybody else. When you're there, you start learning. I'm never disappointed.
Amir M.
Data Platform Tech Lead
QuotationMarkI'm always learning. So when I got on to O'Reilly, I was like a kid in a candy store. There are playlists. There are answers. There's on-demand training. It's worth its weight in gold, in terms of what it allows me to do.
Mark W.
Embedded Software Engineer

You might also like

JSON實務手冊

JSON實務手冊

Tom Marrs

Publisher Resources

ISBN: 9789864766000