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深入理解運算原理|從簡單的機器到無所不能的程式
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深入理解運算原理|從簡單的機器到無所不能的程式

by Tom Stuart
November 2017
Beginner to intermediate
344 pages
7h 2m
Chinese
GoTop Information, Inc.
Content preview from 深入理解運算原理|從簡單的機器到無所不能的程式
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3
所以自由移動相當直覺就能實作,而且它們還提供了非決定論原本就已經提供的額外的
設計自由。
本章裡有若干未依照慣例的術語。有限自動機所讀取的字元通常稱為
symbol),在狀態之間移動的規則稱為
轉移
transition
),構成機器
的諸多規則所成的集合稱為
轉移函數
transition function
,有時也稱為
NFA 的轉移關係 [
transition relation
]),而不是規則手冊。因為空字串的
數學符號是希臘字母
ε
epsilon),能夠自由移動的 NFA 稱為 NFA-
ε
,而
自由移動本身通常稱為
ε
- 轉換
ε
-transitions
)。
正規運算式
我們已經看到非決定論和自由移動讓有限自動機更具表現能力,而不會干擾我們模擬它
們的能力。在這一節,我們將討論這些特性的重要實際應用:正規運算式的匹配。
正規運算式
regular expression
)提供了編寫文字
範式
pattern
)匹配字串的語言,以
下是一些正規運算式的範例:
hello
只和字串
'hello'
匹配
hello
|
goobye
能和字串
'hello'
'goodbye'
匹配
(hello)*
能和
'hello'
'hellohello'
'hellohellohello'
等字串以及空字串匹配
我們在本章一定是將正規運算式匹配整個字串,但在真實世界的正規運算
式實作物通常使用它們來匹配字串的某部分,如果我們想要指定應該匹配
的整個字串,就需要額外的語法。
舉例來說,我們會在 Ruby 裡將正規運算式 ...
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Publisher Resources

ISBN: 9789864766000