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深入理解運算原理|從簡單的機器到無所不能的程式
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深入理解運算原理|從簡單的機器到無所不能的程式

by Tom Stuart
November 2017
Beginner to intermediate
344 pages
7h 2m
Chinese
GoTop Information, Inc.
Content preview from 深入理解運算原理|從簡單的機器到無所不能的程式
Afterword
後記
是的,以上就是我們整個運算理論之旅的終點。我們設計了具備各種功能的語言和機
器,從罕見的系統找出運算方式,並且栽進電腦程式設計的理論界限裡內。
沿途除了探索特定的機器和技術,我們也已經看到了若干更為全面的想法:
任何人都可以設計並實作程式語言。語法和語意的基本概念相當簡單,而諸如
Treetop 之類的工具可以提防百般無趣的細節。
每個電腦程式都是數學物件。就語法而言,程式只是大型的數值;它在語意上表示
數學函數,或者是可以藉由正式的化簡規則來操縱的階層結構。這意謂著來自數學
的許多技術和結果,例如 Kleene 的遞迴理論或 Gödel 的不完全理論,同樣可以適
用程式。
我們最初只是將運算描述成『電腦做什麼』,但事實證明運算是某種自然力量。很
誘人的是將運算想像成精巧複雜的人類發明,只能由許多複雜零件組成的專屬系統
執行,但它也出現在似乎不夠複雜而無法支援它的系統。因此,運算並不是發生在
微處理器內部的無趣人造過程,而是在許多不同地方和許多不同的方式發生的普遍
現象。
運算並非不容妥協的全有或全無。不同的機器擁有不同能量的運算能力,這給了我
們相當實用的連續體:DFA NFA 的能力有限,DPDA NPDA 的能力較強大,
而圖靈機是我們所知道最強大的。
編碼和抽象的層級對於運算能力的運用非常重要。從非常低階的半導體物理學開
始,提升到更高階的多點觸控圖形使用者介面,電腦就是維護抽象高塔的機器。為
了讓運算有用,我們需要能以機器可以操縱的更簡單形式,對來自現實世界的複雜 ...
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Publisher Resources

ISBN: 9789864766000