Statistics and Data Analysis for Microarrays Using R and Bioconductor, 2nd Edition

342 Statistics and Data Analysis for Microarrays Using R and Bioconductor

on it, and at 1% other people will start betting money on our claims, as well.

The 5% and 1% probability levels are thus standard critical levels.

Returning to the flow of hypothesis testing, once we have defined the prob-

lem and made explicit hypotheses, we have to choose a significance level. The

next step is to calculate an appropriate statistic based on the data and cal-

culate the p-value based on the chosen statistic. Finally, the last step is to

either: i) reject the null hypothesis and accept the alternative hypothesis or

ii) not reject the null hypothesis.

To summarize, ...