August 2009
Intermediate to advanced
432 pages
23h 35m
English
Globally, approximately 1.8 billion people lack access to electricity and 2.4 billion people use wood fuels for cooking. The poor are spending roughly $20 billion per year for ad hoc solutions, such as kerosene lamps, candles, charcoal, firewood, dung fires, and batteries, just to meet basic energy needs (The World Bank, 1999). Lack of modern forms of energy, particularly electricity, prevents people from escaping poverty and becoming more productive, and these substandard substitutes are often more expensive and more damaging to human health and the environment than modern alternatives. For these reasons, electricity access has been a top priority for world governments, multilateral development ...
Read now
Unlock full access