December 2019
Intermediate to advanced
368 pages
11h 10m
English
Content preview from Hands-On Neuroevolution with Python
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Mean squared error
The mean squared error is the average squared difference between the obtained results and the actual values. It's given by the following formula:
Here 
is the estimated value, and 
is the actual value.
We used a variation of the mean squared error to define an objective function for the XOR experiment. Next, we discuss goal-oriented metrics for problems related to positioning in Euclidean space.
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