When It All Began

J2EE leaped onto the scene in 1999. Considering the historical context of this product release you find that the cost of creating, deploying, and maintaining PC-based client/server software was becoming increasingly expensive. Partly in response to this, interest in the Internet and Web applications had been gathering steam for several years.

Java had been released only 4 years earlier and continued to demonstrate value in cross-platform development. The technology, the APIs beyond Java, continued to grow at a dizzying pace; therein lay part of the problem. The development of APIs was not always coordinated, and Java users would often need to struggle to cobble together a set of APIs that would perform the task required.

With ...

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