January 2024
Intermediate to advanced
259 pages
3h 53m
Chinese
Content preview from 精益设计：设计团队如何改善用户体验：原书第 3 版
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49
第 4 章
精益设计画布
4.1
设想成为新的需求
如果我们所处的行业相对可以预测，行业中所有一切（比如公司正在生产
的产品、产品生产所需的原材料、产品设计完成后的样子以及客户拿到产
品后的行动）都是低风险和高确定性的，那么我们就可以放心地执行一套
严格的、预先设定好的需求。在这样一个制造时代思维的领域中，大量设
计前置是常态，产品生产中的任何变化都会被视为对计划的代价高昂的偏
离，而不是面对不断变化的市场做出的敏捷反应。这种针对需求的思维方
式在软件行业的早期就大行其道，并在之后的几十年来一直占据主导模式，
甚至直到今天仍然继续渗透到许多团队的工作方式中。
需求会假定我们确切地知道自己应当生产什么样的产品。理想情况下，工
程领域由于高度的严谨性可能确实可以做到这一点。但是软件行业通常并
不具备这种条件。尽管这样，人们仍然会根据需求提出者的信誉或是其在
组织中的头衔，对需求做出非常表面的判断。在许多情况下，这种盲目的
信任还会被类似这样的说法所强化：“无论如何，它以前是奏效的。”如果
某个人或团队质疑他们接收到的需求的绝对性，就会被认为是捣乱分子；
如果项目最终错过截止日期、超出范围，或者两者兼而有之，他们还会被
当作替罪羊。在仍旧高度依赖需求来指导团队工作方向的组织中，需求通
常只有一个含义，就是我们的朋友杰夫
·
巴顿常说的那句话：“闭嘴。”
50
｜
第
4
章
但是，如今众多软件企业所面对的是缺乏一致性、可预测性、稳定性和确
定性的残酷现实。如果某位权威宣称，代码、文案和设计的某种特定组合
必定实现预期的业务成果，并将在明确的截止日期前完全交付 ...
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O’Reilly covers everything we've got, with content to help us build a world-class technology community, upgrade the capabilities and competencies of our teams, and improve overall team performance as well as their engagement.Julian F.
I wanted to learn C and C++, but it didn't click for me until I picked up an O'Reilly book. When I went on the O’Reilly platform, I was astonished to find all the books there, plus live events and sandboxes so you could play around with the technology.Addison B.
I’ve been on the O’Reilly platform for more than eight years. I use a couple of learning platforms, but I'm on O'Reilly more than anybody else. When you're there, you start learning. I'm never disappointed.Amir M.
I'm always learning. So when I got on to O'Reilly, I was like a kid in a candy store. There are playlists. There are answers. There's on-demand training. It's worth its weight in gold, in terms of what it allows me to do.